Researchers in the DEaR Lab, led by Yang Hou, Ph.D., have co-published the first systematic review to examine how biological, psychological, and social factors contribute to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in young people with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1).

NF1 is a common genetic condition that affects about 1 in 3,000 people worldwide. It is characterized by changes in skin pigmentation, tumor growth along nerves, and a higher likelihood of learning and attention difficulties.

The review, which analyzed 68 studies, found that informant-reported executive functioning difficulties were consistently associated with ADHD outcomes in NF1 youth, while performance-based cognitive tests showed little connection. Despite this, research remains limited; most studies used small, cross-sectional samples, making it difficult to draw firm conclusions.

The authors emphasize the need for future research that incorporates various larger populations and examines biological and social influences in real-world contexts. Such work could pave the way for more effective understanding and interventions for ADHD in NF1 youth.